Determine the Weight of an Unknown Object Using Vector Addition of Forces
🧪 Abstract
This physics experiment focuses on determining the weight of an unknown object by applying vector addition to known forces. By analyzing the forces' directions and magnitudes, the object's weight can be accurately deduced.
📚 Introduction
Weight is the gravitational force acting on an object. In this experiment, we use vector addition to analyze known forces applied in various directions and determine the resultant force, which corresponds to the object’s weight.
🛠 Procedure
- Secure the object on a stable stand.
- Attach a force sensor or spring balance.
- Apply known forces at various angles.
- Measure directions and magnitudes precisely.
- Record all readings accurately.
- Calculate the resultant force vector.
- Equate the resultant to the object's weight using the equilibrium principle.
📊 Observations & Calculations
Sample Observations:
- Force 1 (\(F_1\)) = 10 N @ 30° above horizontal
- Force 2 (\(F_2\)) = 8 N @ 45° below horizontal
Resultant force is calculated using:
\( F_{\text{resultant}} = \sqrt{F_1^2 + F_2^2 + 2 \cdot F_1 \cdot F_2 \cdot \cos(\theta)} \)
Weight of object:
\( W = F_{\text{resultant}} \)
📌 Conclusion
The experiment validates that vector addition can effectively determine the weight of an object by analyzing multiple applied forces and their directions.
⚠ Precautions
- Ensure experimental setup is stable.
- Use calibrated and accurate instruments.
- Eliminate external forces and disturbances.
- Confirm the object is in equilibrium before taking readings.
❓ Short Questions & Answers
- Q: What is weight?
A: It's the force exerted by gravity on an object. - Q: How is the weight calculated in this experiment?
A: Using vector addition of known forces. - Q: What is equilibrium?
A: A state where the net force on an object is zero.
📝 Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)
- What is the purpose of this experiment?
Ⓐ Measure mass Ⓑ Determine weight Ⓒ Calculate density Ⓓ Analyze volume - What is the weight of an object in equilibrium?
Ⓐ Zero Ⓑ Equal to its mass Ⓒ Gravitational force Ⓓ Indeterminate - Resultant force when two forces act oppositely?
Ⓐ Sum Ⓑ Difference Ⓒ Zero Ⓓ Indeterminate
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Tags
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force equilibrium experiment
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vector addition of forces
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weight of unknown object experiment