Physics Guess Paper Grade 10 2026 FBISE | Important Questions & Numericals | Federal Board

⭐ SSC-II · Session 2025–2026

Physics Grade 10 Guess Paper 2026
FBISE Federal Board

Prepared from past board papers and model papers — includes important conceptual questions, numericals, and repeated topics to help you prepare effectively.

12Chapters

80+Questions

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This Physics Grade 10 Guess Paper 2026 (FBISE) is prepared using past board papers and model papers. It includes the most important conceptual questions, numericals, and repeated topics to help you prepare effectively and score maximum marks.

⚡ Chapter-Wise Important Topics

CH 10 Heat & Thermodynamics

Use of large specific heat capacity Convection and its applications Applications of heat transfer Numerical: 2, 3, 4, 6

Important Questions

1. Why temperature of land rises and falls quickly on land than at sea?
2. Why wooden handle is used in frypans?
3. How birds are able to fly using thermal convection?
4. What is land and sea breeze?
5. How does heat reach our earth from the sun?
6. What is specific heat capacity?

CH 11 Thermal Expansion

Thermal expansion in Solids Thermal expansion in Liquids Evaporation and Boiling Numerical: 2, 5, 6

Important Questions

1. Describe qualitatively the thermal expansion of solids.
2. A solid cube of side length 5cm at 15°C is heated. Calculate its (a) initial volume (b) increase in its volume (c) final volume at 100°C. (Coefficient of volume expansion = 9×10⁻⁶ K⁻¹)
3. Differentiate between boiling and evaporation.
4. Derive the relations for volumetric and linear thermal expansion.

CH 12 Waves & Wave Motion

Wave Motion and its types Properties of waves Proof: v = f × λ Numerical: 1, 2, 3, 5

Important Questions

1. Difference between electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves — which type of wave does not require any material medium for propagation?
2. Difference between transverse and longitudinal waves with examples and diagrams.
3. Derive v = fλ.
4. What is the effect of wavelength on diffraction pattern?
5. What happens to the waves when they move from deep to shallow water, or vice versa?

CH 13 Sound

Medium for propagation of sound Terms related to sound waves Types of sound waves Characteristics of sound waves Echo and Acoustics Numerical: 2, 5, 6, 7

Important Questions

1. How can we calculate the depth of the sea by using an echo? Look at the two waveforms shown — which has a higher pitch? Why?
2. What are the factors that affect the loudness of sound?
3. What is the difference between pitch and loudness?
4. Explain why the speed of sound follows this order: solids > liquids > gases.
5. Prove that sound waves require a material medium for propagation. Prove that sound waves are longitudinal in nature. What is the difference between compression and rarefaction?
6. What is the relation between time period (T) and frequency (f)?
7. What is the difference between ultrasonic and infrasonic sound waves? List some medical uses of sound waves.
8. What is the SONAR technique?
9. What is the difference between noise and music?
10. What are the necessary conditions to produce an echo?

CH 14 Reflection, Refraction & Lenses

Laws of Reflection & Refraction Total Internal Reflection Lenses and applications Ray Diagrams Table 14.3 Numerical: 2, 4, 5

Important Questions

1. State the laws of reflection and refraction.
2. What are the conditions of Total Internal Reflection?
3. What is critical angle? Solve a relevant numerical.
4. What is Snell's law? Derive its relation.
5. What are the advantages of optical fiber over copper-based wires? What is its working principle?
6. Define terms related to lens: focal length, principal axis, principal focus, optical centre, centre of curvature.
7. Difference between converging and concave lens?
8. Draw ray diagrams at different positions of objects.
9. Difference between real and virtual image?

CH 15 Electrostatics

Electroscope Electric field lines Applications of electrostatics Numerical: 3, 4, 5, 6

Important Questions

1. What is electric field intensity? Is it a vector quantity? Explain.
2. What are the properties of electric field lines? Draw field lines between two opposite charges and two same charges.
3. What is the working principle of a photocopier machine?
4. Table 15.1.
5. Charging, discharging, and the electroscope.
6. Describe the method of charging an insulated metal sphere by induction. How can we discharge an insulator by heating or by exposing it to humid conditions?
7. Electroscope construction. How to detect charge on a rod? How to detect the type of charge on a rod? How to charge an electroscope? How to detect a conductor and insulator?

CH 16 Current Electricity

Alternating and direct current Potential Difference E.M.F. Ohm's Law Resistance Numerical: 3, 5, 6, 8

Important Questions

1. Difference between alternating and direct current?
2. Differentiate between potential difference and EMF.
3. Define Ohm's law and write its limitations.
4. Difference between ohmic and non-ohmic conductors?

CH 17 Resistors & Electric Power

Resistors and its types Combinations of resistors + Examples Electrical Energy Electric Power Numerical: 2, 4, 5

Important Questions

1. What are the factors that affect resistance?
2. Derive relations for electric power and energy.
3. Calculate energy in kWh and solve associated numericals.
4. Derive the relation for equivalent resistance for series and parallel combination.

CH 18 Electronics

Semiconductors and their types Characteristics of diode under biasing Transistors and their types Logic Gates and their uses Numerical: 2, 3

Important Questions

1. Differentiate between forward and reverse biased.
2. Differentiate between N-type and P-type semiconductors. Complete topic including majority and minority charge carriers.
3. Explain the working, truth table, and action of logic gates for AND, OR, NAND, NOR, and NOT.

CH 19 Electromagnetism

Magnetic field due to solenoid Force on current-carrying conductor Electric Motor Electromagnetic Induction Electric Generator Transformer Numerical: 1, 2, 4, 5

Important Questions

1. Describe electromagnetic induction and how it works.
2. Which factors affect the magnitude of emf?
3. Describe Lenz's law and how it is a manifestation of the law of conservation of energy.
4. What is a transformer? Applications? Working of step-up and step-down transformer.

CH 20 Electromagnetic Spectrum & Light

Electromagnetic Spectrum Nature of light Scattering of light Table 21.1 Numerical: 3, 4, 6

Important Questions

1. What is electromagnetic spectrum and EMW? How are electromagnetic waves divided into different regions based on their energy?
2. Why does the sun appear blue during the day and orange-red during dawn?
3. What is the true nature of light? Discuss.

CH 21 Nuclear Physics

Isotopes and Radioisotopes Radioactive decays Half life Nuclear Fission and Fusion (Long) Numerical: 3, 5, 7, 10

Important Questions

1. What are alpha, beta, and gamma decay? Write their general equation with example.
2. Which has the highest penetrating power and highest ionizing power — alpha, beta, or gamma?
3. Table 21.1.
4. What is half-life and decay curve? Derive its relations.
5. Solve a numerical related to half-life.

📝 Short Questions

📘 Choose the Correct Option (i – xi)

iShow that Lenz's Law follows the conservation of energy with an example.

OR

iWhy does the sky appear blue during the day?

iiCan we achieve total internal reflection by passing light from less denser medium to more denser medium? Explain.

OR

iiWhy do wet clothes dry up quickly in summer than in winter?

iiiHow do longitudinal waves differ from transverse waves? Give some real-life examples of longitudinal and transverse waves.

OR

iiiCalculate the speed of light in a medium of refractive index 1.5.

ivWhat is meant by biasing of a diode? What are the types of biasing?

OR

ivWhat are the common methods used to discharge an insulator? Briefly elaborate any one method.

vWhat is the cost of running four light bulbs of 100 watts each for 6 hours in a school for a month? Cost of electricity unit is Rs. 12 per kWh.

OR

vWhat is meant by isotope of an element? Give examples of three isotopes of any element.

viDefine electric field. How is it expressed mathematically? Is it a vector quantity?

OR

viDefine the term E.M.F. Is it really a force?

viiA step-down transformer converts 240V into 12V. If there are 2000 turns on the primary coil, find the number of turns on the secondary coil.

OR

viiYou often see lightning before hearing thunder. Why?

viiiWhen will a converging lens act as a magnifying glass? Show it by a ray diagram.

OR

viiiA radioactive substance has a half-life of 6 hours. Its initial amount is 300 grams. Calculate the amount left after 18 hours.

ixElaborate the differences between alternating current and direct current by using current-time graphs.

OR

ixTwo identical batteries, each with an e.m.f. of 1.5 V, are connected (a) in series and (b) in parallel. Calculate the total e.m.f. in each case.

xExplain how food is preserved through deposition.

OR

xDifferentiate between Noise and Music (any three).

xiA convex lens with a focal length of 10 cm produces a linear magnification of 3. A 5 cm tall object is placed 30 cm in front of it. Calculate the image distance and the height of the image formed.

OR

xiHow does the wavelength of a wave change its frequency?

📚 Long Questions

🎯 Choose the Correct Option (Q3 – Q6)

Q3Three resistors 5 Ω, 13 Ω, and 17 Ω are connected in parallel combination across a 30 V battery. Calculate the equivalent resistance, total current, and current across each resistor.

OR

Q3What is nuclear fusion reaction? Write down the steps involved in the proton-proton cycle. What is the cause of energy in nuclear fusion?

Q4Explain the phenomenon of total internal reflection. What are the necessary conditions for total internal reflection? Derive the formula for refractive index of a medium in terms of critical angle.

OR

Q4A solid cube of side length 5 cm at 15°C is heated. Calculate its (a) initial volume (b) increase in volume (c) final volume at 100°C. (Coefficient of volume expansion = 9 × 10⁻⁶ K⁻¹)

Q5What is meant by transformer? Explain the working of a simple iron-core transformer. Give the transformer equation.

OR

Q5Differentiate between digital and analogue electronics. What makes a digital system better than an analogue system?

Q6Draw a comparative sketch illustrating the loudness and pitch of sound waves. Also give their brief description.

OR

Q6What is conduction? Explain it on the basis of the kinetic theory of solids. What makes metals better conductors than other substances?